雅思阅读之如何根据对比关系猜测词义

在一个句子或段落中，有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述，我们可以根据生词或难词的反义词猜测其词义。

例如：Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shy, unsociable person who does not like to go to parties or to make new friends.

Gregarious, 对许多人来说可能是个生词，但是句中单词unlike可以提示我们Gregarious和后面的词unsociable person是对比关系。分析出这种关系后，我们便能猜出意为Gregarious是“爱交际的”。

以上几种方法都依赖与上下文句与句之间的关系来做出推断，这就少不了对相关信号词的熟练辨识。 

雅思阅读中连接上下文的信号词：

A、表示相似关系

例词：like, as, likewise, similar to, in the same way

例句：Like other ways of generating electricity, wind power does not leave the environment entirely unharmed.

B、表示时间先后关系

例词：now, later, before, after, since, when, first, second, next, at last, eventually, finally

例句：As the volunteers began to fall asleep, the electrodes detected the slow rolling eye movements which could be seen easily through their eyelids. Soon after, the volunteers fell deeper into sleep and their eyes became still.

C、表示顺承和递进关系

例词：also, apart from, besides, moreover, furthermore

例句：The Victorian style of heavily ornamented interiors prevailed in middle-class homes in England and the United States during the latter half of the 19th century. Moreover, in both countries, techniques of mass production promoted the use of reproductions in many different styles.

D、表示对比与转折关系

例词：but, however, though, although, yet, nevertheless, on the other hand

例句：Education is the passport to modern life, and a pre-condition of national prosperity. But more than a quarter of the world‘s adults cannot read or write, and more than 100 million young children are deprived of even a primary school education.

E、表示排列次序

例词：another, the second…even more…the most… the best… the least…

例句：This situation is compounded by yet another factor.

F、表示因果关系

例词：as, because, for, since, owing to, thanks to, which in turn, lead to, as a result, result in, consequently, therefore, thus, hence

例句：As they became independent, most developing countries enthusiastically embraced education.

G、表示举例或说明关系

例词：that is to say, in other words, i. E. Such as, for example, for instance

例句：More recent developments such as those seen on California wind farms have dramatically changed the economic picture for wind energy.

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